If you get confused when reading about dyslexia, don’t feel alone! It is a bit confusing! People seem to be using the term “dyslexia ” to mean different things.

Also, when you start to research information about dyslexia you read of Visual, Auditory, Phonological and Orthographic Dyslexia. What do each of these mean? What are the different types of dyslexia and how do you distinguish between one type and another?

There is much confusion in the terminology being used.

First off, let’s see if we can clear up some of the confusion and get a clearer perspective on what the word “dyslexia” really means.

It is important to understand that there are two different schools of thought, two different ways in which the word “dyslexia”itself is used. The two different meanings of dyslexia are:

1. In the pure academic sense the word “dyslexia” has a literal meaning based on the etymology of the word itself. From its parts, ‘Dys’ means wrong or problematic (for example, as in ‘dysfunctional’) and ‘lexia’, means pertaining to words and letters. So literally, ‘dys’-'lexia’ refers to problems with words.

In this sense, anyone who has a problem with reading, for whatever reason, has dyslexia.

2. There is a wider use and application, used by parents of dyslexics and by dyslexic adults. In the applications sense, dyslexia refers to a range of symptoms that includes problems with reading, writing and spelling plus other problems such as hearing difficulty, poor memory and a lack of physical coordination.

And so, as you can see, the exact meaning of “dyslexia” depends on who is speaking and the context in which the term is being used.

Secondly, let’s look at the different types of dyslexia..

The first attempt to subdivide and describe the different types of dyslexia was made by Marshall and Newcombe in 1973. They set forth the ideas of ’surface’, ‘phonological’ and ‘double-deficit’ dyslexia.

The symptoms of Surface Dyslexia relate to the mistakes made where the rules of English pronunciation are inconsistent. For example, “bowl” is read as though it rhymed with “howl”, and “pretty” might be read as though it rhymed with “jetty”.

Phonological Dyslexia is a failure to grasp the phonic nature of the English language. Individuals with it have great problems reading new or nonsense words because they do not and cannot grasp the links between the individual sounds or phonemes and letters on the page.

Double-Deficit Dyslexia is the term applied to the condition of individuals who have both Surface Dyslexia and Phonological Dyslexia.

Auditory Dyslexia and Visual Dyslexia both stem from the magnocellular theory of dyslexia. This theory holds that dyslexics have neurological weaknesses in the magnocellular cells of the thalamus area of the brain. This area is where rapid processing of visual and auditory information takes place.

Many studies have shown that dyslexics do have weaknesses in their visual and auditory processing, but not to the same degree. This means that there is a very close relationship and sometime confusion between these two types of dsylexia.

A result can be that a child with poor hearing skills but with average visual skills may be diagnosed as having Auditory Dyslexia, whereas one with poor visual skills but average hearing may be diagnosed as having Visual Dyslexia.

Then finally there is Orthographic Dyslexia. Orthography is the set of symbols or letters that make up a language. In English this is the 26 letters of the alphabet whilst in Japanese or Chinese it covers thousands of different symbols. And so Orthographic Dyslexia relates to problems in identifying and manipulating letters in reading, writing and spelling.

Hopefully, the above explanations will help clarify the distinctions among the different types of dyslexia and the terminology that is being used.

For additional info about dyslexia in general and about the different types of dyslexia, follow the links below…

Buy Kitchen Knives Insurance Course

Visian ICL (Intraocular Contact Lens) is the latest alternative to LASIK, SBK, and Epi-LASIK. The Staar Collamer Phakic Implant corrects 3 to 16 diopters of nearsightedness with an almost instant return of stable, sharp, clear vision. James Lewis, MD, of the Wills Eye Surgical Network and The Pennsylvania College of Optometry, narrates and performs this surgery. Originally the ICL was considered for patients not suitable for LASIK. It is now considered an alternative that may be better than LASIK for many. There are less halos, starbursts and glare and absolutely no dry eye, regression or corneal issues after surgery. Dr. Lewis uses the Zeiss Visante™ (OCT: Optical Coherence Tomographer) to assess the patients both pre and post-operatively.

Facial Hair Removal

If you are in the market for some fashionable prescription eyeglasses, you don’t have to look very far. There are literally hundreds of websites out on the internet that offer many different frame styles, as well as lens shapes and colors. Many of these websites will let you take your prescription that you have received from your Optometrist and enter the data online, and within two weeks you have a brand new pair of prescription eyeglasses in your hands.

A very popular frame style that is making a comeback is the Retro Style. That is that 50’s look with the thick, black frame and clear lenses.

Rimless frames are another favorite style of prescription eyeglasses. They have a thin gold or silver wire frame and the lens is completely rimless. The lens is usually amber or gray in color.

The half rimless style is just that-the top of the frame is thin wire and it is connected to the lens. The bottom half is completely rimless.

Other favorites include Jeweled frames, wood frames, and then there are the ever so durable bendable-framed prescription eyeglasses. They are made from titanium and are extremely hard to break.

Now let’s move on to the lenses. Prescription eyeglasses can come in several different colors or tints.

* Yellow tinted lenses are beneficial in dimmer situations.

* Amber is a light brown color and is highly recommended to filter out blue light.

* Gray is the most requested. It keeps the natural colors in focus while reducing the glare substantially.

* Rose is pinkish and not recommended by optometrists. It is an option, but not very comfortable on the eyes.

Then after deciding on frame style and lens colors, a person needs to choose the lens shape. It can be a square lens, oval, circle, and There is even website that offers star and heart shaped lenses for the bold at heart.

Budget Rental Cars

When going to the beach, makeup is not an accessory. However, for women who prefer not to leave home without her handy mascara, there’s a solution in looking your best and enjoying nature’s best waters. With eyelash tinting, you will always have dark, tantalizing eyes without ever using mascara again.

Eyelash tinting is a process wherein your eyelashes are dyed to make them look darker. Depending on your skin type and hair color, you can achieve eyelash colors, including black, blue, shades of brown, grey or whatever color best fits your complexion.

Eyelash tinting will benefit people that are sensitive to make-up, people who are active in sports (especially swimming) and people who have no time to apply make-up daily. This process is also ideal for people who wear contact lenses because they don’t have to suffer putting on mascara any longer.

The process involves a quick and non-surgical procedure using vegetable dye as tint. Compared to putting on mascara, the effects of eyelash tinting is very natural. For this reason, most salons and spas cannot lighten the color of your natural eyelashes.

Is Eyelash Tinting Dangerous?

This is the most common question among patients interested in tinting their eyelashes. Since eyelashes are close to the eyes, it is important to ensure that every procedure done around the eyes are safe.

Before any lash tinting procedure, you should attend a consultation with the therapist. At least two day before your eyelash tinting treatment, you need to undergo a patch test to ensure there are no allergic reactions or sensitivities to a product. Then, your therapist will recommend the best color that could fit your skin type and hair color to produce the best results.

A typical eyelash tinting takes around fifteen minutes. Because of this, tinting your eyelash can fit into busiest of schedules. Once you arrive at the salon, the therapist will place cotton under your closed eyes and then apply a small amount of vegetable dye onto your eyelashes. After ten minutes, the dye is removed with water. The results could last around four to six weeks.

The treatment should be painless, unless the dye gets into your eyes and causes slight stinging. However, eyelash tinting is not for everyone because some people can get easily irritated with color additives or hair dye.

In addition, home tinting kits should be avoided, unless you are a trained professional. This is because not only can the treatment be messy, it could also yield results that are not as effective as those done in the salons are. Eyelash tinting done by a professional can provide amazing and long lasting results.

Wireless Wall Switch

The purpose of this article is to simply describe what you need to do to buy your first pair of glasses online. I will not recommend particular retailers, as you can find that info in several of my other articles and also check out the links on the right of this page. Purchasing eyewear online seems daunting at first. If you’re like me, purchasing and fitting prescription glasses always seemed like a complex procedure best left to professionals. The truth is, if you know your prescription and have your existing rx glasses handy, it is really quite simple to purchase glasses online.

The Seven Critical Numbers

First, find your current prescription. I keep mine in the health file in my filing cabinet. If you can’t find your prescription, visit wherever you last had your eyes examined and request a copy. Your optician, optometrist, or ophthalmologist is required by law to release your eyewear prescription to you. You now need to make note of a few critical pieces of information from your prescription (see example above–click to enlarge). Among other information, you should see three columns on your prescription–sphere, cylinder, and axis.

In the example above, these are abbreviated SPH. CYL. and AXIS. These three columns will have two rows, Right and Left. In the prescription above, this is simply abbreviated R and L. Many doctors instead use the latin abbreviations, which are OD and OS. OD means right eye and OS means left eye. Jot down a quick copy of the six numbers or simply keep your prescription handy. These six critical numbers define how your lens will be carved. Any online eyewear retailer will ask for the input of these six numbers.

In addition to these six numbers, there is one more critical number, the Pupillary Distance, or PD. This is a measure, in millimeters, of the space between your eyes. In the example prescription above, you’ll see the Pupillary Distance of the patient is 62. Jot down this number also, it is the seventh of your seven critical numbers.

A Final Measurement

A somewhat less critical number is your temple length. If you’re lucky, you’ll also see a temple length and bridge size in your prescription. If not, don’t sweat it, you can figure it out yourself. The temple length describes the length of the two bars that connect the glasses to your ears. It is measured from where the 90-degree curve from your lens structure to the side bars (temples) begins to the very end of the temple, including the curve. It is not measured from the flex point of the temples, because the “stub” between the flex point and lens structure is not a standard size.

Now, take out some measuring tape (preferably the type of tape used for fitting clothes and sewing, as it is very flexible) and measure an existing pair of glasses that fit comfortably. An average temple length for men is 135mm or 145mm. For women, 130mm to 140mm is standard. If your tape only has inches, measure to the nearest eighth or sixteenth and multiply that number by 25.4 to get the measurement in millimeters. Temple lengths are generally available in 5mm increments, such as 130, 135, 140, 145, etc. At most online eyeglasses stores, temple length is shown within a frame description and is not customizable. Therefore, you need to find a frame with an appropriate temple size. This sometimes varies if you are at a site specializing in designer glasses, where you have the option to input your own temple size.

Honestly, temple size is not a huge deal. I have one pair of glasses with 135mm temples and another with 140mm temples. Both pairs fit comfortably. If for some reason you can’t come up with a temple measurement, don’t let that stop you from making an eyewear purchase online. Instead, simply choose 140mm temples if you are a man and 135mm temples if you are a woman. Chances are, this length will fit comfortably.

What’s your Style?

Armed with your seven critical numbers and an idea on your temple length, start browsing the myriad of online retailers. Pick out some favorite frames and open the individual pages in separate tabs or windows of your web browser. Similar to trying on glasses at a standard retailer, you need to figure out if the frames you like are appropriate for your face. You might visit my post on the topic of face shape. If you have a nice oval face, you’re in luck, most any pair will look on you. If you have strong, angular features, a rounded or rimless pair will look god on you. If you have a very round face, choose a rectangular or hexagonal pair of glasses. If you just want a basic pair of professional glasses, go with titanium rimless.

Using your trusty measuring tape, you can compare other measurements of your existing glasses with what you are looking at online. The bridge measurement describes the distance between lenses, the height describes the distance from the lowest point on the front of the frame to the highest point, and the lens describes the distance between the end of the bridge and the beginning of the temple. Some retailers also offer free virtual try-on. This service, which I describe in will allow you to upload a picture and place a variety of frame types on your face.

Place your Order

So you’ve found the perfect pair of frames. Begin the checkout process. You should see boxes where you can enter your prescription information (the seven critical numbers). This will sometimes be in a table format similar to your prescription, or it may be a simple list. You’ll also have the option to choose from a variety of coatings and add-ons. If you will be wearing your glasses day-in and day-out, I recommend choosing the anti-scratch and anti-reflective coatings. These really do make a difference and ease night driving (anti-reflective) and the longevity of being able to see clearly through your lens (anti-scratch). You can add on the UV coating if you wish, though it isn’t critical. Photochromatic tinting (aka “transition lens”) is also an option. Personally, I prefer buying a separate pair of prescription sunglasses, but that is up to you.

If you only wear glasses occasionally (maybe as a supplement to contact lenses), or are just purchasing a pair of Rx sunglasses that won’t be worn every waking hour, you might choose to save money by skipping on the extras. If you are buying a pair for your accident-prone child, skimping on the extras might not be such a bad idea either. Avoid coatings and other add-ons will also allow you to get a great pair of prescription glasses for well under $40. After you’ve placed your order, you’ll typically wait about 2-to-3 weeks for your glasses to be custom carved and delivered. The finished product will typically include a hard case and a soft cloth for lens cleaning.

In this I show a video of the exact product received from a popular online eyewear retailer.

Side Note One: “Help, I don’t have a prescription!”

If it has been a long time since your eyes have been examined, or if you just can’t get a hold of your prescription, it’s time to go visit an optometrist. While your neighborhood optometrist may charge $100 or more for a simple examination, discount stores like Wal-Mart, or optometrists in working-class neighborhoods will often offer an eye exam for $40 or less. Grab your yellow pages and start making phone calls. Chances are, you’ll get the best price if you find an optometrist who has many customers without vision insurance.

Side Note Two: “How can it be so cheap?”

The price difference between online eyewear and glasses bought from a traditional retailer, or even Wal-Mart or Costco, is startling. An identical pair of titanium frames might cost $60 online and $220 at Wal-Mart. How can this be? What about the quality? I will categorically state that the quality of glasses received from the majority of online retailers is equal to or exceeds the quality found at your neighborhood eyewear shop or optometrist. The price differential comes from a number of factors, including the relative obscurity of online eyewear purchases, the fact that highly paid optometrists do not spend one-on-one time with the eyewear purchaser, and the fact that insurance companies are typically not involved with online eyewear purchases, thereby discouraging inflated prices.

Give it a try. I guarantee you’ll be satisfied with your online eyewear purchase if you follow the steps outlined in this article.

Novelty Motorcycle Helmets

video.gearlive.com – In this second episode in our LASIK video series, we bring our cameras into the LASIK operating room where Monica is set to receive her laser vision correction surgery.

Curve Perfume

LASIK Surgery in La Jolla California Using the B&L Hansatome and the VISX S4 Laser

Laptop Gamer German Motorcycle Helmet

Crazy Contact Lenses – Offers You With The Weirdest Look

Crazy contact lenses give you the weirdest kind of look that you can ever think of. Hitherto, actors and actresses of horror movies and serials used these contact lenses to give a nightmarish experience to the audiences. But these days the crazy contact lenses are popularly used by laymen to give themselves the spookiest look.

Why wear crazy contact lenses?

The crazy contact lenses are used solely for the purpose of style. They are zero powered contact lenses and are mainly designed to provide fun and entertainment. So you do not need any prescription from opticians to get these lenses. You can simply visit the contact lenses stores and choose the best crazy contact lenses for yourself. However, if you suffer from any type of eye irritation or eye inflammation after you wear the crazy contact lenses, immediately consult an optician to avoid further eye damages.

Varieties of crazy contact lenses

The crazy contact lenses are available in various designs. This type of contact lenses range from designs of yellow cat eyes, striped zebra style, flags/ cross designs, colorful spirals to sunshine lenses. However, you can easily choose the contact lenses from the following two types:

* Monthly crazy contact lenses – these lenses are flexible and you can wear them for a period of one month or 30 wearing times.

* Standard crazy contact lenses – these lenses ensure maximum comfort as you can wear them for an extended period of 18 months.

When you choose any of these crazy contact lenses and start wearing them, you should regularly cleanse and rinse them in disinfecting lens-cleaning solutions.

Tips to experience the best of crazy contact lenses

The opticians and contact lenses manufacturers always specify on perfect caring of contact lenses. So when you wear a pair of crazy contact lenses, you should also abide by the following tips to experience the comfort of the best contact lenses:

* Do not apply make-ups and perfumes, lotions and sprays to avoid any damage to the crazy contact lenses.

* Use prescribed solutions for cleaning your crazy contact lenses. Do not use tap water, saliva or homemade solutions.

* Before handling your crazy contact lenses, wash your hands with soap water to ensure maximum safety.

Use the cleaning solutions particularly as prescribed by your doctor, for it helps to retain the spooky color of the crazy contact lenses.

So wear the crazy contact lenses to feel different, look unique and give a go-crazy shock to others around you.

Halloween Contact Lenses – Go Crazy With These Special Lenses

Make your Halloween festival on 31st October a special one by using some crazy Halloween contact lenses. Since a long time, your children had been aspiring to go insane with spooky dresses during Halloween! Right? So now is the time you give them a pleasant surprise with some go-crazy Halloween contact lenses. Watch how the insane color of their eyes match the eerie dress they are wearing. It’s even time for you parents, to treat yourself with these Halloween contact lenses.

Correct your vision and enhance your style with Halloween contact lenses

Here is good news for people who possess eye power yet desperately wants to wear Halloween contact lenses. In this case, you should consult a doctor for a proper prescription. Depending on prescribed advice, you can now buy those Halloween contact lenses, which not only help in visual correction but also give a surprising look to your eyes. If you do not possess eye power, and simply want to wear Halloween contact lenses to honor the occasion, then visit the contact lenses stores and choose some special mind- boggling Halloween contact lenses to get the spookiest look!

Different Halloween contact lenses in vogue

The Halloween contact lenses are much in vogue now. Not only do they enhance the jack o’ lantern look of the Halloween Eve’s Day, the lenses are also elaborately used by performers of horror movies and eerie television serials to give the audience a blood-chilling feel. Ranging from yellow tiger’s eye lenses, Banshee lenses, dollar sign eyes, spider web sprayed lenses, fearfully striped lenses to those of vampire red lenses, Halloween contact lenses will give you the best feel of the occasion.

Tips to use your special Halloween contact lenses

Whether you are wearing the Halloween contact lenses or your children are wearing them, you must be aware of the following tips to enjoy the best use of the lenses:

* You should get the correct contact lenses cleaning solution so that the colors do not get washed off. Rinse and disinfect the lenses regularly in these cleaning solutions.

* Never use the Halloween contact lenses of some other people. It can even cause blindness.

* Do not wear the contact lenses for more than 8 hours to avoid eye problems.

* Do not sleep, bathe or swim with Halloween contact lenses. Avoid wearing the lenses specially when you are cooking.

So next time when you choose some real crazy dresses for your Halloween special party, also buy a spooky pair of Halloween contact lenses to give a complete eerie look to yourself or your excited children.

Hemi Cuda

Can Lasik eye surgery help amblyopia (loss of vision) for lazy eye?

When a newborn baby comes into the world and opens their eyes for the first time, they begin their journey to learn to use their 2 eyes together. This is a learned skill and no small task. No one is born with the ability to focus both of their eyes together. Interesting, most newborns are farsighted at birth and cannot focus on close objects. Light stimulation is critical to the development of sight in a baby. Why? Without this stimulation, the normal neurological connections fail to develop. Your eyes need this early stimulation of a clear image to develop the retinal cells and send impulses to your brain. Loss of vision can also occur if you would fail to use one (or both) of your eyes for an extended period of time.

What can cause amblyopia?

Amblyopia is usually caused by not using one of your eyes. Your brain suppresses the vision of the eye that is weaker or the eye that isn’t being used. If you only use one of your eyes, over time the eye that isn’t being used may loose its ability to see. For most of us, our eyes work together in unison. But if the muscles that control the eye, aren’t working together, focusing the eyes together is a problem. In addition, strabismus, a muscle weakness that causes the eye to be ‘out of alignment’, can cause a child’s brain to ignore the image from the weaker eye. Eventually this can lead to loss of vision in the weaker eye. Also, if a child has a severe farsightedness, nearsightedness or astigmatism in just one eye and that eye goes untreated, the brain ‘turns off’ the weaker eye. After the age of 7, the unused eye will probably never be normal. This is why early detection and treatment is so critical in very young children.

How often does amblyopia occur?

Four people out of every 100 have amblyopia. If diagnosed and treated in very early childhood, this condition can often be treated.

Can Lasik eye surgery help ‘lazy eye’?

For patients suffering from amblyopia, Lasik eye surgery may help some adults see better but it cannot ‘cure’ the brain’s inability to see. Lasik eye surgery cannot repair the way that the retinal cells send images to your brain. Lasik eye surgery cannot go back and correct the normal neurological connections that failed to develop in an infant due to lack of light stimulation. What Lasik eye surgery can do is help to reduce nearsightedness, farsightedness or astigmatism which helps to insure that the image is in the correct position on the retina. But this does not guarantee better vision at any price. Be sure to have a frank talk with your doctor prior to Lasik eye surgery to see if he or she feels that you will have vision improvement. Don’t be afraid to get a second and third opinion from different Lasik eye surgeons to see if they feel that Lasik eye surgery is a valid option for treating amblyopia. It’s easy to find someone who will be willing to take your hard earned money. Make sure that you feel that they’ve earned your trust and that they truly feel that Lasik eye surgery will improve your vision.

Mendresses For Sale Work Injuries Life Insurance Rate Quotes

LASIK is a laser eye surgery that can permanently reshape the cornea of your eye to correct your vision. This eMedTV video discusses the eye condition nearsightedness that the surgery can fix and offers details on the expected results and possible complications. For more information go to eyes.emedtv.com.

Free Lawyer Best Internet Security Software Rental Car Company